Glossary

Ad misericordiam: The attempt to distract from the truth of the conclusion by the use of pity.

https://www.logicallyfallacious.com/logicalfallacies/Appeal-to-Pity

Hasty Generalization: Occurs when someone generalizes an experience from examples, not evidence.

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/hasty-generalization-examples-and-how-to-avoid-them.html

Non- Sequitur: A conclusion or reply that doesn’t follow logically from the previous statement.

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/non%20sequitur

Tu Quoque:  An informal logical fallacy that tries to discredit the validity of the opponent’s argument by asserting the opponent’s failure to act consistently in accordance with its conclusion(s).

https://yandoo.wordpress.com/2016/12/19/appeal-to-hypocrisy/

In foro conscientiæ: Refers to situations which are a matter of conscience, rather than a matter of law.

https://definitions.uslegal.com/i/in-foro-conscientiae/

Phantasm: A product of fantasy, a figment of the imagination.

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/phantasm

Asclepius: A demigod hero as he was the son of divine Apollo, and his mother was the mortal Koronis from Thessaly.

https://www.ancient.eu/Asclepius/

Cartesian Dualism: Descartes’ thesis that the mind and body are distinct; the nature of the mind (that is, a thinking, non-extended thing) is completely different from that of the body (that is, an extended, non-thinking thing).
https://www.iep.utm.edu/descmind/

Infinitude: The quality or state of being infinite 

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/infinitude

Hippocratic oath:  It requires a new physician to swear upon a number of healing gods that he will uphold a number of professional ethical standards. It also strongly binds the student to his teacher and the greater community of physicians with responsibilities similar to that of a family member.

 https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/greek/greek_oath.html

Metaphysics: The branch of philosophy that deals with the first principles of things, including abstract concepts such as being, knowing, substance, cause, identity, time, and space.

Commonwealth: a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth

Subordination: the action or state of subordinating or of being subordinate.

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/subordination

Virtue ethics:  normative ethical theories which emphasize virtues of mind, character and sense of honesty. Virtue ethicists discuss the nature and definition of virtues and other related problems that focus on the consequences of action. These include how virtues are acquired, how they are applied in various real life contexts, and whether they are rooted in a universal human nature or in a plurality of cultures. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtue_ethics

Teleological: relating to or involving the explanation of phenomena in terms of the purpose they serve rather than of the cause by which they arise. https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk03GrdGw-4bEzDSRW8R4PZ2FspVrFA%3A1589481878026&ei=lpG9XoB9kMawBcqAg-gJ&q=teleological&oq=teleo&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQARgAMgUIABCRAjIHCAAQFBCHAjICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAOgcIIxCwAhAnOgQIABANOgYIABANEB46BwgjEOoCECc6BAgAEEM6BQgAEIMBOgQIIxAnOgQIABAKUElYnx9gwCZoAnAAeACAAeoEiAHAE5IBCjAuMTAuNC0xLjGYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEK&sclient=psy-ab

Empiricism: Empiricists claim that sense experience is the ultimate source of all our concepts and knowledge. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rationalism-empiricism/

Leibniz’s Law: Also known as the identity of indiscernibles.  It states that no two distinct things exactly resemble each other and is typically understood to mean that no two objects have exactly the same properties. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-indiscernible/

Chateau D’If: a fortress (later a prison) located on the island of If, the smallest island in the Frioul archipelago situated in the Mediterranean Sea about 1.5 kilometres (78 mile) offshore in the Bay of Marseille in southeastern France. It is famous for being one of the settings of Alexandre Dumas‘ adventure novel The Count of Monte Cristo. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27If

Constituent: being a voting member of a community or organization and having the power to appoint or elect. https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk00NZhfTIDXM1jcHZUQeXD-KeryiOw%3A1589482791170&ei=J5W9Xrn5Ccj6sAWB5KzYAg&q=constituent&oq=constituent&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQAzIHCAAQRhD5ATICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADoHCCMQ6gIQJzoECCMQJzoECAAQQzoFCAAQgwE6BQgAEJECOgcIABAUEIcCOgQIABAKUFRYoRFgnRJoAXAAeACAAZoBiAHfCZIBBDAuMTGYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEK&sclient=psy-ab&ved=0ahUKEwj5qJPphLTpAhVIPawKHQEyCysQ4dUDCAw&uact=5

Rationalism: the view that regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge. Holding that reality itself has an inherently logical structure, the rationalist asserts that a class of truths exists that the intellect can grasp directly.  https://www.britannica.com/topic/rationalism

Axiom: a statement accepted as true as the basis for argument or inference https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/axiom

Determinism: the philosophical belief that all events are determined completely by previously existing causes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinism

Polybius: a Greek historian of the Hellenistic period noted for his work The Histories, which covered the period of 264–146 BC in detail. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polybius

Tacitus: Roman orator and public official, probably the greatest historian and one of the greatest prose stylists who wrote in the Latin language. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tacitus-Roman-historian

Quintus Curtius: a Roman historian, probably of the 1st century, author of his only known and only surviving work, Historiae Alexandri Magni, “Histories of Alexander the Great“, or more fully Historiarum Alexandri Magni Macedonis Libri Qui Supersunt, “All the Books That Survive of the Histories of Alexander the Great of Macedon.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintus_Curtius_Rufus

Alacrity: promptness in response cheerful readiness https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/alacrity

Sagacity: acuteness of mental discernment and soundness of judgment https://www.dictionary.com/browse/sagacity

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